Potential Therapeutic Application
Source | Umbilical Cord Lining | |
---|---|---|
Type of Stem Cells | Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) | Epithelial Stem Cells (EpSCs) |
Potential Treatment for |
Tissue repair
HSCs engraftment support
Immune Modulation or Reconstitution
|
Wound/Soft Tissue Repair
Organ Lining Regeneration
Eye
|
Today, more than 8091 (as of August 2017) clinical trials are on-going worldwide to uncover the potential applications of umbilical cord lining stem cells. Thus far, encouraging results have been published; stem cell treatments have been proven safe and capable of repairing damage caused by stroke and heart disease. MSCs have also been used in combination with HSCs as a dual therapy to promote faster engraftment of HSCs and to reduce immune system complications2.
Although there is evidence that MSCs can be changed to certain types of Epithelial cells, the cells cannot be changed into Epithelial Stem Cells (EpSCs). The difference between Epithelial Stem Cells and Epithelial cells is that Epithelial Stem Cells can differentiate into all different epithelial cell types such as skin, cornea, lining of the gut, etc. on demand. Whereas, (non-stem) Epithelial cells have already reached terminal differentiation so the cells cannot be further changed into different Epithelial cell types when needed. Thus, MSCs and EpSCs cannot be replaced by each other.
1 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=mesenchymal&term=&cntry1=&state1=&Search=Search&type=Intr. Accessed August 20, 2017.
2 Battiwalla M, Hematti P. 2010. Cytotherapy. 1 January 2010.
Worldwide researches on diseases treated with MSCs by various Universities or Research Institutions:
Diseases | Name of Universities/Research Institutions |
---|---|
Stroke | Bundang Medical Centre, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea3 |
Spinal Cord Injury |
|
Multiple Sclerosis | University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan6 |
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis | Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States7 |
Parkinson's Disease | The University of Texas Health Science Center, Texas, United States8 |
Multiple System Atrophy | Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, United States9 |
Liver Disease | Qi Zhang, Guangdong, China10 |
Diabetic Foot Ulcer | Third Military Medical University, China11 |
Diabetes 1 | University Medical School, Nanjing, China12 |
Diabetes 2 | Mattabhorn Phornputkul, Chiang Mai, Thailand13 |
Rheumatoid Arthritis | Stem Cell Institue, Panama City, Panama14 |
Knee Osteoarthritis | Liaocheng City People's Hospital, Shandong, China15 |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States16 |
3 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02378974. Accessed January 24, 2018.
4 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01676441. Accessed January 24, 2018.
5 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03003364. Accessed January 24, 2018.
6 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03326505. Accessed January 24, 2018.
7 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01609283. Accessed January 24, 2018.
8 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02611167. Accessed January 24, 2018.
9 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02315027. Accessed January 24, 2018.
10 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01844063. Accessed January 24, 2018.
11 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03248466. Accessed January 24, 2018.
12 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02763423. Accessed January 24, 2018.
13 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02286128. Accessed January 24, 2018.
14 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01985464. Accessed January 24, 2018.
15 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03166865. Accessed January 24, 2018.
16 Clinical Trials website. https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03171194. Accessed January 24, 2018.